The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region’s economy continued to expand in 2025, with fresh data showing residents are earning more from investment and overseas business activities, reinforcing the city’s role as an international financial hub.

The region’s gross national income (GNI) rose 6.3 percent year-on-year to HK$975.3 billion ($124.4 billion) in the fourth quarter of 2025 at current market prices, outpacing GDP growth of 5.1 percent, the SAR Census and Statistics Department announced today.

GNI, which reflects total income earned by residents from local and overseas activities, exceeded GDP by HK$93.3 billion, or 10.6 percent of GDP, driven by net investment income inflows. In real terms, GNI climbed 5.1 percent, versus 3.8 percent for GDP.

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For full-year 2025, GNI increased 4.6 percent to HK$3,666.2 billion, HK$334.4 billion above GDP in the same year. Primary income inflows hit HK$2,245.4 billion, or 67.4 percent of GDP, outpacing outflows of HK$1,911.0 billion.

In the fourth quarter of 2025, income inflows hit HK$523.5 billion, constituting 59.3 percent of GDP, fueled by 31 percent growth in portfolio investment income from dividends and interest on overseas holdings.

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Income inflows from the mainland continued to be the largest contributor to the city’s total primary income inflow over the same period, accounting for 46.6 percent. This was followed by the British Virgin Islands (BVI), which accounted for 15 percent.