Report looks at the origins of his theoretical thinking
Construction work proceeds on a high-speed rail line linking Shanghai, Suzhou, Jiangsu province, and Huzhou, Zhejiang province. (LU ZHIPENG / FOR CHINA DAILY)
A recently released report titled "Toward Modernity: The Value of Xi Jinping's Economic Thought "explores the origins of the Chinese president's economic thought from the perspective of local governance.
When working in different locations, Xi put forward a series of new ideas, new ways of thinking and new measures concerning economic work. His years of solid practice on the ground have enriched his experience and enhanced the depth of his theoretical thinking, laying a solid foundation for his economic thought to take shape and evolve.
Recounting Xi's stories of economic governance when he worked at local level, the report, released by New China Research, a Xinhua News Agency think tank, offers a vivid illustration of how Xi's economic thought helped promote local development.
The following article recounts Xi's story in Zhejiang province.
From October 2002 to March 2007, Xi Jinping served as deputy secretary of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Zhejiang Provincial Committee, acting governor of Zhejiang province, and secretary of the CPC Zhejiang Provincial Committee.
During his work in Zhejiang, which lasted more than 1,600 days, Xi traveled to all 90 counties, cities and districts in the province, and put forward a series of important statements and concepts that became an important source of his strategy for governing the country after he became general secretary of the CPC Central Committee.
Green development
Located in the hinterland of the Yangtze River Delta, Anji county in Zhejiang has a vegetation coverage rate of 96 percent. At the entrance to Yu village of Anji, a sentence is written on a stone tablet: "Lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets."
This is the origin of the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets".
On Aug 15, 2005, Xi, then-secretary of the CPC Zhejiang Provincial Committee, visited Yu village and put forward the concept for the first time.
The village once developed a "stone economy" by selling high-quality limestone mined from mountains. Yu was covered in dust and smoke all year round. At the beginning of the 21st century, the village shut down all its cement plants and mines to improve the environment.
During his visit, Xi said, "It is a brilliant move for you to shut down the mines.
"We used to say that we wanted both lucid waters and lush mountains, as well as mountains of gold and silver. In fact, lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets."
A few days later, he published a commentary in a column for Zhejiang Daily, pointing out that lucid waters and lush mountains can bring mountains of gold and silver, but mountains of gold and silver can't buy lucid waters and lush mountains. The two have contradictions, but can be dialectically unified at the same time.
Guided by this concept, Yu village formed a new type of rural ecological economy, enabling it to attract tourists and develop agriculture at the same time.
In an interview with Xinhua in October, Wang Yucheng, the Yu village Party chief and head of the village committee, said Yu is a direct beneficiary of the concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," with villagers' per capita disposable income rising sevenfold in the past decade.
The concept of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets" opened a new path for Zhejiang's development.
In 2019, the province passed the acceptance test for the pilot project of national ecological province construction. Since the 18th CPC National Congress, the level of public satisfaction with the ecological environment in Zhejiang has increased for 11 consecutive years.
Since the 18th CPC National Congress, Xi has summarized and interpreted the concept on many occasions.
In 2013, he put forward the theory of "lucid waters and lush mountains are invaluable assets," featuring coordination between conservation and development, on the international occasion for the first time.
In October 2015, the Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee put forward a philosophy of innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development for the first time.
In 2017, the concept was written into the CPC Constitution.
The concept promotes economic development and ecological conservation in China at the same time, and injects positive energy into the harmonious coexistence between man and nature on a global scale.
Cars are assembled at a Geely auto factory in Changxing, Huzhou, in January. (TAN YUNFENG / FOR CHINA DAILY)
Private economy
Zhejiang, one of the important birthplaces of China's private economy, is home to more than 9 million market entities, meaning there is one business owner among every seven people based on the permanent resident population.
Vigorously developing the private economy was one of the tasks Xi attached great importance to during his time in Zhejiang.
When he worked in the province, Xi once said: "The biggest advantage of the province is the first-mover advantage of the private economy. I have been thinking about how to leverage this advantage."
He reiterated that the private economy represented the vitality of Zhejiang, that it is necessary to continue to encourage, support and guide development of the non-public economy, and State-owned and private enterprises should be treated equally.
He also led the formulation of a series of policies and measures to promote new development of the private economy.
During his survey in areas of Zhejiang, Xi often paid visits to private companies, taking heed of their difficulties and demands.
In December 2002, he visited major private-economy cities, including Ningbo, Taizhou and Wenzhou. During the trip, Xi highlighted several keywords, including rebuilding advantages, deepening reform and improving the work style.
Xi told Nan Cunhui, CHINT Group's chairman, during his inspection visit to the company: "I am very concerned about the development of the non-public economy. If the company has important issues in the future, you can come directly to Hangzhou and meet me in my office."
In 2003, in response to the requirements of the Zhejiang provincial Party committee and provincial government, the company planned to implement an internationalization strategy to build itself into an advanced electrical appliance manufacturing enterprise.
Xi spent almost two hours in his office patiently listening to Nan's report and giving positive encouragement. Now, recalling the meeting at the time, Nan is still deeply moved.
A slew of policy measures have significantly invigorated private enterprises in the province. In the 2022 list of China's top 500 private companies, Zhejiang had 107 companies listed, ranking first for 24 consecutive years.
More important, the private and State-owned enterprises in Zhejiang have been integrating with each other, complementing each other and developing side by side.
Staff members conduct tests at a medical laboratory in Hangzhou, capital of Zhejiang. (PHOTO / XINHUA)
Rural revival
In June 2003, Xi, then-secretary of the CPC Zhejiang Provincial Committee, initiated the Green Rural Revival Program. He planned to renovate about 10,000 incorporated villages in the next five years and transform about 1,000 central villages among them into examples of moderate prosperity in all respects.
Ahead of the Chinese Lunar New Year in 2003, Xi visited Hengkantou village, located at an old revolutionary base in Yuyao city, Zhejiang.
During a discussion, he said, "Only when people in old revolutionary base areas become rich can Zhejiang truly achieve common prosperity. Only when people in old revolutionary base areas live a well-off life can Zhejiang truly turn into a well-off society in an all-around way."
With promotion of the Green Rural Revival Program, Hengkantou village, once impoverished and backward, became a well-off and civilized village by developing red tourism, which refers to visiting historical sites with revolutionary legacies, and using green resources.
On March 1, 2018, more than 2,000 villagers in Hengkantou received a reply from the Party's top leader. The villagers wrote a letter to Xi on Feb 10, telling him about the latest development in the village, but didn't expect him to reply so soon.
Although 15 years had passed, Xi had always been concerned about the villagers and was pleased with the development of Hengkantou.
Great changes have also taken place in Xiajiang village, Chun'an county, 300 kilometers from the provincial capital Hangzhou, and also a grassroots work base for Xi when he worked in Zhejiang. He went to Xiajiang four times for investigation and wrote letters twice to encourage villagers.
Adhering to the concept of green development, Xiajiang has changed from being "dirty, chaotic and poor "to become "green, wealthy and beautiful." Per capita disposable income in the village in 2021 reached 46,959 yuan (about $6,800), more than 20 times that of 20 years ago.
"The great changes in the small mountain village benefited from Xi's care and the strategy of 'making full use of eight advantages and implementing eight major measures,'" said Jiang Lijuan, Party chief of Xiajiang, and a delegate to the 20th CPC National Congress.
The strategy, put forward by Xi in 2003, called on the province to make use of its eight advantages, such as system and mechanism advantage, location advantage and industry advantage, to implement eight major measures for Zhejiang's development.
Guided by the strategy, the Green Rural Revival Program, Mountain-Sea Collaboration Project, and other projects were implemented successively in Zhejiang.
A large number of poor mountain villages have become ecological and well-off by using green resources, expanding agriculture based on unique local features, and cooperating with developed districts and counties for development. More and more villagers are enjoying better lives.
In 2015, Zhejiang became the first province in China to complete the task of poverty alleviation at a high level.
In the past 10 years, the income gap between urban and rural residents in Zhejiang has narrowed from 2.37 fold to 1.94 fold, and the gap between the highest and lowest incomes of local residents has narrowed from 1.76 fold in 2013 to 1.61 fold.
During Xi's tenure in Zhejiang, he pointed out that there should be no blind spots in the modernization drive, and not a single village, town, or person should be left behind in the pursuit of moderate prosperity in all respects.
Xi has been committed to the concept of "not a single person should be left behind" throughout his work, whether it's winning the battle against poverty, building a moderately prosperous society in an all-around way, or promoting common prosperity steadily.
