Spanning 2,397 kilometers, the railway extends from Beijing West Railway Station through eight provincial-level regions to Shenzhen in Guangdong province, where it connects with services to Hong Kong. When it opened on Sept 1, 1996, it was China's largest railway project at the time.
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The line has alleviated pressure on the nation's north-south transport network and introduced rail services to areas such as the Dabie Mountains and southern Jiangxi province. It has played a pivotal role in facilitating the movement of people and goods between northern China, central regions, and the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.
Following five rounds of speed enhancements, the maximum speed of passenger trains has increased from 60 kilometers per hour to 160 km/h. Consequently, travel time between Beijing and Shenzhen has been reduced from 49 hours to less than 22 hours. In 2025, the railway handled 95.1 million passenger trips, more than quadrupling the figure recorded during its early years.
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The route has also evolved into a significant freight corridor. Ganzhou International Land Port in Jiangxi has operated over 1,700 China-Europe freight trains, connecting with more than 100 cities in over 20 countries.
With additional sections of the Beijing-Hong Kong high-speed rail corridor entering service in recent years, conventional and high-speed lines now collaborate to provide enhanced capacity along this vital north-south route.
