Orienspace, a private Chinese rocket maker, successfully launched a Gravity 1 carrier rocket on Saturday morning, marking the second flight of the world's biggest and mightiest solid-propellant rocket.

The 30-meter-tall rocket blasted off at 10:20 am from a launch service ship off the coast of Haiyang in Shandong province and soon placed its payloads — an optical remote-sensing satellite and two experimental satellites — into their preset orbital positions.

The mission marked the second flight of the Gravity 1, which made its debut launch from the same site in January 2024.

Xu Guoguang, chief designer and project manager of Gravity 1, said the second flight aimed to further verify the rocket's reliability and capability, its pre-launch preparations and the launch sequence, as well as demonstrate its ability to handle multiple flight trajectories.

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The Gravity 1 rocket model features three core stages and four boosters, all powered by solid-propellant engine and equipped with flexible swinging nozzles.

With a liftoff weight of 405 metric tons and a thrust of 600 tons, the rocket can carry a spacecraft weighing up to 6.5 tons to a low-Earth orbit, or 4.2 tons to a typical sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 500 kilometers, according to Orienspace, which was founded in 2020 by a group of veteran researchers from State-owned space enterprises.

Since its debut, Gravity 1 has become the world's mightiest solid-fueled launch vehicle and also the most powerful private rocket in China.

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Its liftoff weight and thrust surpass those of the European Space Agency's Vega-C, previously the world's most powerful solid-propellant rocket.

In addition, Gravity 1 is the first and currently the only private rocket in China that has side boosters and the largest fairing, or nose cone — the top structure on a rocket that contains satellites or other payloads.