SYDNEY – Global bond yields ​spiked to new highs and sharemarkets slumped on Friday as soaring oil prices inflamed inflation risks, sending investors scrambling to price in ‌more policy tightening from central banks across the globe.

Brent crude climbed to a four-month high of $109.97 a barrel on Friday after a 6 percent overnight jump, capping a weekly gain of nearly 13 percent.

"Maritime traffic through the Bab el-Mandeb is gravely imperiled by the Houthi advances," said Helima Croft, head of global commodity strategy at RBC Capital ​Markets, tipping Brent could hit $121.99 a barrel later this year.

The benchmark 10-year Treasury yield climbed 2 basis points on Friday ​to 4.9708 percent, its highest in three years and just shy of the closely watched 5 percent level, raising financial costs for the $40 trillion US government debt. The 30-year yields scaled another 19-year top of 5.3803 percent, lifting US mortgage rates and hamstringing the housing market.

Two-year yields rose another 2 basis points to 4.5835 percent after surging 12 bps overnight as markets ramped up bets ​that the US Federal Reserve will have to raise interest rates this month to tame inflation, currently priced at about 70 percent probability.

The rout in the US ​bond market was partly due to a Treasury buyback programme that fell short of the expected $6 billion value.

Asian bonds extended the global selloff, with Australia's three-year government bond yields surging 18 bps to a ‌15-year high ⁠of 5.047 percent. Japan's 10-year government bond yields rose 6 bps to 2.97 percent as data showed Japan's wholesale inflation stayed elevated to bolster the case for an imminent rate hike from the Bank of Japan.

Rate hikes coming

Analysts at JPMorgan now expect eight of the nine developed-market central banks to hike interest rates by the year end, including the Fed, BOJ, all four central banks in Europe, and the reserve banks of Australia and New Zealand.

"The tightening is for now expected to remain shallow, but risks to our ​forecasts lean in the direction of more ​action in the face of resilient ⁠growth, sticky core inflation, and commodity price pressures," they said in a note.

The European Central Bank raised interest rates overnight for a second time this year and some officials see more tightening ahead with October in play.

The surge in oil prices has raised ​the stakes for US consumer prices data for August due later in the day, which could make or break ​the case for a ⁠Fed rate hike next week. Forecasts are centered on a 0.2 percent monthly rise in the core measure of CPI, although risks are skewed towards a higher number as the PPI data overnight showed some stickiness.

Higher bond yields raised the discount rates used for corporate valuations, leaving Asian stocks in deep losses. MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan lost 1.8 percent ⁠while Japan's ​Nikkei tumbled 2.8 percent.

Nasdaq futures fell ​0.2 percent and S&P 500 futures were little changed.

The US dollar lifted with higher Treasury yields, having gained 0.4 percent overnight against its major peers. It was last steady on Friday at 99.04.

In ​commodity markets, gold rose 0.3 percent to $4,328 an ounce after dropping nearly 2 percent overnight, failing to catch some of the safe-haven bids.