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Published: 22:26, October 12, 2021 | Updated: 23:16, October 12, 2021
IMF cuts 2021 global economic growth forecast to 5.9%
By Agencies
Published:22:26, October 12, 2021 Updated:23:16, October 12, 2021 By Agencies

People shop at a Johnny Was clothing store in the luxury wing at the American Dream shopping mall in East Rutherford, New Jersey on Sept 17, 2021. (TED SHAFFREY/AP)

WASHINGTON - Persistent supply chain disruptions and pricing pressures are constraining the global economy's recovery from the COVID-19 pandemic, the International Monetary Fund said on Tuesday as it cut growth outlooks for the United States and other major industrial powers.

In its World Economic Outlook, the IMF trimmed its 2021 global growth forecast to 5.9 percent from the 6.0 percent forecast it made in July. It left a 2022 global growth forecast unchanged at 4.9 percent.

In its World Economic Outlook, the IMF trimmed its 2021 global growth forecast to 5.9 percent from the 6.0 percent forecast it made in July. It left a 2022 global growth forecast unchanged at 4.9 percent

"This modest headline revision, however, masks large downgrades for some countries," the IMF said in the report. "The outlook for the low-income developing country group has darkened considerably due to worsening pandemic dynamics. The downgrade also reflects more difficult near-term prospects for the advanced economy group, in part due to supply disruptions."

READ MORE: IMF chief: Global economic growth to 'moderate slightly'

Global manufacturing activity has been slammed by shortages of key components such as semiconductors, clogged ports and a lack of cargo containers, and a labor crunch as global supply chains optimized for efficiency have struggled to return to normal after pandemic-induced shutdowns last year.

Demand-supply mismatches, fueled in part by excess savings built up in wealthy countries, have driven up prices, causing spikes in inflation. The IMF said it expects inflation to return to pre-pandemic levels next year, but warned that persistent supply disruptions risked unanchoring inflation expectations.

China's growth will moderate to 8 percent, both 0.1 percentage point lower than the IMF's July estimates.

The IMF said China's prospects for 2021 were marked down slightly due to a stronger-than-anticipated scaling back of public investment. The country's growth in 2022 is estimated at 5.6 percent, which is also 0.1 percentage point down from the IMF's July forecast.

US growth slowdown 

The United States is taking the brunt of these effects, and the IMF slashed its 2021 US growth forecast by a full percentage point, to 6.0  percent, from 7.0  percent in July - a level that was seen as the strongest pace since 1984.

The United States is taking the brunt of these effects, and the IMF slashed its 2021 US growth forecast by a full percentage point, to 6.0  percent, from 7.0  percent in July - a level that was seen as the strongest pace since 1984

US growth could shrink further, the IMF said, because its forecasts assume that a deeply divided US Congress will approve President Joe Biden's proposed infrastructure and social spending worth $4 trillion over a decade. Lawmakers now are trying to achieve consensus on a smaller package, and the IMF said a significant reduction would reduce growth prospects for the United States and its trading partners.

The report, which was issued at the outset of the IMF and World Bank fall meetings, also cut growth forecasts for other industrial economies. German growth was reduced by half a percentage point from the July forecast to 3.1 percent while Japan's growth was lowered 0.4 point to 2.4  percent.

ALSO READ: IMF: Global recovery gap widens on unequal vaccine access

The IMF's forecast for British growth this year fell only 0.2 point to 6.8 percent, giving it the fastest growth forecast among the G7 economies.

India's forecast was unchanged at 9.5 percent, but prospects in other emerging Asian countries have been diminished due to a worsening of the pandemic.

The IMF cut its forecast by 1.4 points for the "ASEAN-5" grouping of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand.

Some commodity-exporting countries such as Nigeria and Saudi Arabia saw modest growth upgrades due to higher oil and commodity prices.

Vaccine divide

The report also warned of a dangerous divergence in economic prospects fueled by "the great vaccine divide," with low-income countries, where 96 percent of the population remains unvaccinated, facing lower growth for longer periods, more poverty, and the prospect of de-anchored inflation expectations.

"About 65 million to 75 million additional people are estimated to be in extreme poverty in 2021 compared to pre-pandemic projections," the report said, adding that low-income countries needed some $250 billion in additional spending to fight COVID-19 and regain their pre-pandemic growth path.

Currently, these countries are forecast to have cumulative output next year that is 6.7 percent below pre-pandemic levels. Advanced economies, meanwhile, will have 2022 output nearly 1 percent above pre-pandemic levels, the IMF said.

Zhao Huanxin contributed to this report


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