A file picture taken on March 9, 2020 shows the sign of the World Health Organization (WHO) at the WHO headquarters in Geneva. (FABRICE COFFRINI / AFP)

GENEVA - Despite steady progress in tackling tuberculosis (TB) in recent years, global targets for prevention and treatment will likely be missed largely due to insufficient funding and the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, according to a latest report released by the World Health Organization (WHO) on Wednesday.

In 2020, funding for tuberculosis (TB)  prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care reached US$6.5 billion, representing only half of the US$13 billion target agreed by world leaders in the UN political declaration on TB

According to WHO's Global Tuberculosis Report 2020, the years between 2015 and 2019 had seen a nine-percent reduction in TB incidence and a 14-percent drop in deaths, together with high-level political commitments at global and national levels delivering results.

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However, about 14 million people were treated for TB in the period 2018-2019, just over one-third of the way towards the five-year target of 40 million for 2018-2022. WHO's End TB Strategy, which has been adopted by all its members, aims for a 90-percent reduction in TB deaths and an 80-percent reduction in the TB incidence rate by 2030, compared to the 2015 baseline. Milestones for 2020 include a 20-percent reduction in the TB incidence rate and a 35-percent reduction in TB deaths.

Funding is a major issue, according to the report. In 2020, funding for TB prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care reached US$6.5 billion, representing only half of the US$13 billion target agreed by world leaders in the UN political declaration on TB.

Meanwhile, the COVID-19 pandemic has led to further setbacks on access to TB service, as in many countries, human, financial and other resources have been reallocated from TB to the COVID-19 response.

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Data collated from over 200 countries has shown significant reductions in TB case notifications, with 25 to 30 percent drops reported in three high-burden countries, namely India, Indonesia and the Philippines, between January and June 2020, compared to the same period in 2019, according to the report. These reductions in case notifications could lead to a dramatic increase in additional TB deaths, according to WHO modeling.

According to WHO statistics, as in previous years, about 85 percent of TB funding in 2020 came from domestic sources, with Brazil, the Russian Federation, India, China and South Africa providing 57 percent of the global total.

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WHO has called for urgent action and investments to meet the global TB targets. "Equitable access to quality and timely diagnosis, prevention, treatment and care remains a challenge. Accelerated action is urgently needed worldwide if we are to meet our targets by 2022," said WHO Director-General Dr Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus.